This paper examines Sub-Saharan Africa’s industrial competitiveness with China, by employing a statistical methodology for studying competitiveness based on relative unit labour costs. The patterns of bilateral trade between China and SSA, as well as investment and financial aspects of the relationships are examined. The findings show that SSA’s relative unit cost levels have generally been higher than that of China. However, in the 2000s, the levels dropped as China’s wages increased faster than its productivity, while the reverse is true for SSA countries in the study sample. The study shows that SSA countries are unlikely to be competitive in labour-intensive manufacturing because of high relative unit labour costs and weaknesses in their business climate.